When a cloth based painting has extreme wear a new layer of fabric is adhered to the back of it. This process is called lining, and is a very intricate and difficult procedure which is performed only when necessary. Depending on the conditional factors the course of action is: Lining the entire surface (total lining), when large tears exist, there is extreme laxity or if the fabric has lost its structural integrity, Linings in some areas (local lining), when small tears or holes exist small patches made of fabric or fabric fibers are glued onto the back of the work. Lining of the edges (strip lining), when weak, split, or frayed fabric exists new fabric is adhered along the canvas tacking perimeter to reinforce the artwork. Special materials are used for lining, such as paste adhesive (mixture of animal glue and starch), wax (a mixture of waxes and resins), BEVA, Plextol etc., and the procedure requires specific equipment. Photos with captions: